Modern Healthspan|18. Mai
The Common Spice That Signals Your Fat to Restore Muscle Power
Garlic and Muscle Strength: A Newly Discovered Signaling Pathway
A recent study in Cell Metabolism reveals how a compound in aged garlic (S1PC) communicates with the brain via body fat to improve muscle function. Unlike typical NAD+ boosters, S1PC does not work directly but activates a tissue-to-tissue signaling cascade.
The Mechanism: From Fat to Brain
- S1PC activates the LKB1 protein in adipose tissue.
- This prompts fat cells to release the enzyme eNAMPT, which is transported in extracellular vesicles to the hypothalamus in the brain.
- There, it increases NAD+ levels and sends a signal via the sympathetic nervous system to the muscles.
- In the muscles, PGC1-alpha is activated, optimizing mitochondrial function – making muscles more efficient and powerful, not necessarily larger.
Synergy with NMN
The combination of S1PC and NMN showed a synergistic effect: While S1PC optimizes signaling, NMN provides the building blocks for NAD+ production. This could offer a more comprehensive approach to vitality.
Study Results
- Mice: After 8 months of treatment, the frailty index improved, core body temperature normalized, and muscle force and grip strength increased.
- Humans: In a clinical trial with 44 adults, eNAMPT levels significantly increased in participants with a BMI above 18.5 after a single dose of S1PC. Those with a BMI below 18.5 showed no significant change – meaning a certain amount of body fat is necessary.
Important Notes
- No unwanted lipolysis (fat breakdown) was observed.
- S1PC is only found in aged garlic, not raw. The dose used in the study (225 mg) is extremely high – a typical serving of aged garlic contains less than 0.2 mg.
- The researcher's commercial interests (patent application for S1PC) should be noted.
Conclusion: The study reveals a surprising signaling pathway where body fat acts as an intermediary between the brain and muscles. A BMI above 18.5 is required for the effect – a hint that too little body fat could impair certain longevity mechanisms.
